1、任何温度下标准氢电极的标准电极电势值都为0，但其他电极电势值会受到温度影响。以Ni/NiO电极为例，它可以用作高温伪参比电极，在0-400°C时的电极电势大致符合以下公式： E°(T)=-0.0003T+0.1414 ，T为温度 编辑本段电极电势内容1 在酸性溶液中 (298K) 电对 方程式 Eq/V Li(I)(0) LieLi 3.0401 Cs(I)(0) CseCs 3.026 Rb(I)(0) RbeRb 2.98 K(I)(0) KeK 2.931 Ba(II)(0) Ba22eBa 2.912 Sr(II)(0) Sr22eSr 2.89 Ca(II)(0)
2、 Ca22eCa 2.868 Na(I)(0) NaeNa 2.71 La(III)(0) La33eLa 2.379 Mg(II)(0) Mg22eMg 2.372 Ce(III)(0) Ce33eCe 2.336 H(0)(I) H2(g)2e2H 2.23 Al(III)(0) AlF633eAl6F 2.069 Th(IV)(0) Th44eTh 1.899 Be(II)(0) Be22eBe 1.847 U(III)(0) U33eU 1.798 Hf(IV)(0) HfO22H4eHfH2O 1.724 Al(III)(0) Al33eAl 1.662 Ti(II)(0) Ti22
3、eTi 1.630 Zr(IV)(0) ZrO24H4eZr2H2O 1.553 Si(IV)(0) SiF624eSi6F 1.24 Mn(II)(0) Mn22eMn 1.185 Cr(II)(0) Cr22eCr 0.913 Ti(III)(II) Ti3eTi2 0.9 B(III)(0) H3BO33H3eB3H2O 0.8698 *Ti(IV)(0) TiO24H4eTi2H2O 0.86 Te(0)(II) Te2H2eH2Te 0.793 Zn(II)(0) Zn22eZn 0.7618 Ta(V)(0) Ta2O510H10e2Ta5H2O 0.750 Cr(III)(0)
4、Cr33eCr 0.744 Nb(V)(0) Nb2O5l0H10e2Nb5H2O 0.644 As(0)(III) As3H3eAsH3 0.608 U(IV)(III) U4eU3 0.607 Ga(III)(0) Ga33eGa 0.549 P(I)(0) H3PO2HeP2H2O 0.508 P(III)(I) H3PO32H2eH3PO2H2O 0.499 *C(IV)(III) 2CO22H2eH2C2O4 0.49 Fe(II)(0) Fe22eFe 0.447 Cr(III)(II) Cr3eCr2 0.407 Cd(II)(0) Cd22eCd 0.4030 Se(0)(II
5、) Se2H2eH2Se(aq) 0.399 Pb(II)(0) PbI22ePb2I 0.365 Eu(III)(II) Eu3eEu2 0.36 Pb(II)(0) PbSO42ePbSO42 0.3588 In(III)(0) In33eIn 0.3382 Tl(I)(0) TleTl 0.336 Co(II)(0) Co22eCo 0.28 P(V)(III) H3PO42H2eH3PO3H2O 0.276 Pb(II)(0) PbCl22ePb2Cl 0.2675 Ni (II)(0) Ni22eNi 0.257 V(III)(II) V3eV2 0.255 Ge(IV)(0) H2
6、GeO34H4eGe3H2O 0.182 Ag(I)(0) AgIeAgI 0.15224 Sn(II)(0) Sn22eSn 0.1375 Pb(II)(0) Pb22ePb 0.1262 *C(IV)(II) CO2(g)2H2eCOH2O 0.12 P(0)(III) P(white)3H3ePH3(g) 0.063 Hg(I)(0) Hg2I22e2Hg2I 0.0405 Fe(III)(0) Fe33eFe 0.037 H(I)(0) 2H2eH2 0.0000 Ag(I)(0) AgBreAgBr 0.07133 S(II.V)(II) S4O622e2S2O32 0.08 *Ti
7、(IV)(III) TiO22HeTi3H2O 0.1 S(0)(II) S2H2eH2S(aq) 0.142 Sn(IV)(II) Sn42eSn2 0.151 Sb(III)(0) Sb2O36H6e2Sb3H2O 0.152 Cu(II)(I) Cu2eCu 0.153 Bi(III)(0) BiOCl2H3eBiClH2O 0.1583 S(VI)(IV) SO424H2eH2SO3H2O 0.172 Sb(III)(0) SbO2H3eSbH2O 0.212 Ag(I)(0) AgCleAgCl 0.22233 As(III)(0) HAsO23H3eAs2H2O 0.248 Hg(
8、I)(0) Hg2Cl22e2Hg2Cl(饱和KCl) 0.26808 Bi(III)(0) BiO2H3eBiH2O 0.320 U(VI)(IV) UO224H2eU42H2O 0.327 C(IV)(III) 2HCNO2H2e(CN)22H2O 0.330 V(IV)(III) VO22HeV3H2O 0.337 Cu(II)(0) Cu22eCu 0.3419 Re(VII)(0) ReO48H7eRe4H2O 0.368 Ag(I)(0) Ag2CrO42e2AgCrO42 0.4470 S(IV)(0) H2SO34H4eS3H2O 0.449 Cu(I)(0) CueCu 0.
9、521 I(0)(I) I22e2I 0.5355 I(0)(I) I32e3I 0.536 As(V)(III) H3AsO42H2eHAsO22H2O 0.560 Sb(V)(III) Sb2O56H4e2SbO3H2O 0.581 Te(IV)(0) TeO24H4eTe2H2O 0.593 U(V)(IV) UO24HeU42H2O 0.612 *Hg(II)(I) 2HgCl22eHg2Cl22Cl 0.63 Pt(IV)(II) PtCl622ePtCl422Cl 0.68 O(0)(I) O22H2eH2O2 0.695 Pt(II)(0) PtCl422ePt4Cl 0.755
10、 *Se(IV)(0) H2SeO34H4eSe3H2O 0.74 Fe(III)(II) Fe3eFe2 0.771 Hg(I)(0) Hg222e2Hg 0.7973 Ag(I)(0) AgeAg 0.7996 Os(VIII)(0) OsO48H8eOs4H2O 0.8 N(V)(IV) 2NO34H2eN2O42H2O 0.803 Hg(II)(0) Hg22eHg 0.851 Si(IV)(0) (quartz)SiO24H4eSi2H2O 0.857 Cu(II)(I) Cu2IeCuI 0.86 N(III)(I) 2HNO24H4eH2N2O22H2O 0.86 Hg(II)(
11、I) 2Hg22eHg22 0.920 N(V)(III) NO33H2eHNO2H2O 0.934 Pd(II)(0) Pd22ePd 0.951 N(V)(II) NO34H3eNO2H2O 0.957 N(III)(II) HNO2HeNOH2O 0.983 I(I)(I) HIOH2eIH2O 0.987 V(V)(IV) VO22HeVO2H2O 0.991 V(V)(IV) V(OH)42HeVO23H2O 1.00 Au(III)(0) AuCl43eAu4Cl 1.002 Te(VI)(IV) H6TeO62H2eTeO24H2O 1.02 N(IV)(II) N2O44H4e
12、2NO2H2O 1.035 N(IV)(III) N2O42H2e2HNO2 1.065 I(V)(I) IO36H6eI3H2O 1.085 Br(0)(I) Br2(aq)2e2Br 1.0873 Se(VI)(IV) SeO424H2eH2SeO3H2O 1.151 Cl(V)(IV) ClO32HeClO2H2O 1.152 Pt(II)(0) Pt22ePt 1.18 Cl(VII)(V) ClO42H2eClO3H2O 1.189 I(V)(0) 2IO312H10eI26H2O 1.195 Cl(V)(III) ClO33H2eHClO2H2O 1.214 Mn(IV)(II)
13、MnO24H2eMn22H2O 1.224 O(0)(II) O24H4e2H2O 1.229 Tl(III)(I) T132eTl 1.252 Cl(IV)(III) ClO2HeHClO2 1.277 N(III)(I) 2HNO24H4eN2O3H2O 1.297 *Cr(VI)(III) Cr2O7214H6e2Cr37H2O 1.33 Br(I)(I) HBrOH2eBrH2O 1.331 Cr(VI)(III) HCrO47H3eCr34H2O 1.350 Cl(0)(I) Cl2(g)2e2Cl 1.35827 Cl(VII)(I) ClO48H8eCl4H2O 1.389 Cl
14、(VII)(0) ClO48H7e1/2Cl24H2O 1.39 Au(III)(I) Au32eAu 1.401 Br(V)(I) BrO36H6eBr3H2O 1.423 I(I)(0) 2HIO2H2eI22H2O 1.439 Cl(V)(I) ClO36H6eCl3H2O 1.451 Pb(IV)(II) PbO24H2ePb22H2O 1.455 Cl(V)(0) ClO36H5e1/2Cl23H2O 1.47 Cl(I)(I) HClOH2eClH2O 1.482 Br(V)(0) BrO36H5el/2Br23H2O 1.482 Au(III)(0) Au33eAu 1.498
15、Mn(VII)(II) MnO48H5eMn24H2O 1.507 Mn(III)(II) Mn3eMn2 1.5415 Cl(III)(I) HClO23H4eCl2H2O 1.570 Br(I)(0) HBrOHel/2Br2(aq)H2O 1.574 N(II)(I) 2NO2H2eN2OH2O 1.591 I(VII)(V) H5IO6H2eIO33H2O 1.601 Cl(I)(0) HClOHe1/2Cl2H2O 1.611 Cl(III)(I) HClO22H2eHClOH2O 1.645 Ni(IV)(II) NiO24H2eNi22H2O 1.678 Mn(VII)(IV)
16、MnO44H3eMnO22H2O 1.679 Pb(IV)(II) PbO2SO424H2ePbSO42H2O 1.6913 Au(I)(0) AueAu 1.692 Ce(IV)(III) Ce4eCe3 1.72 N(I)(0) N2O2H2eN2H2O 1.766 O(I)(II) H2O22H2e2H2O 1.776 Co(III)(II) Co3eCo2(2mol·L1 H2SO4) 1.83 Ag(II)(I) Ag2eAg 1.980 S(VII)(VI) S2O822e2SO42 2.010 O(0)(II) O32H2eO2H2O 2.076 O(II)(II) F
17、2O2H4eH2O2F 2.153 Fe(VI)(III) FeO428H3eFe34H2O 2.20 O(0)(II) O(g)2H2eH2O 2.421 F(0)(I) F22e2F 2.866 F22H2e2HF 3.053 2 在碱性溶液中 (298K) 电对 方程式 Eq/V Ca(II)(0) Ca(OH)22eCa2OH 3.02 Ba(II)(0) Ba(OH)22eBa2OH 2.99 La(III)(0) La(OH)33eLa3OH 2.90 Sr(II)(0) Sr(OH)2·8H2O2eSr2OH8H2O 2.88 Mg(II)(0) Mg(OH)22eMg
18、2OH 2.690 Be(II)(0) Be2O323H2O4e2Be6OH 2.63 Hf(IV)(0) HfO(OH)2H2O4eHf4OH 2.50 Zr(IV)(0) H2ZrO3H2O4eZr4OH 2.36 Al(III)(0) H2AlO3H2O3eAlOH 2.33 P(I)(0) H2PO2eP2OH 1.82 B(III)(0) H2BO3H2O3eB4OH 1.79 P(III)(0) HPO322H2O3eP5OH 1.71 Si(IV)(0) SiO323H2O4eSi6OH 1.697 P(III)(I) HPO322H2O2eH2PO23OH 1.65 Mn(II
19、)(0) Mn(OH)22eMn2OH 1.56 Cr(III)(0) Cr(OH)33eCr3OH 1.48 *Zn(II)(0) Zn(CN)422eZn4CN 1.26 Zn(II)(0) Zn(OH)22eZn2OH 1.249 Ga(III)(0) H2GaO3H2O2eGa4OH 1.219 Zn(II)(0) ZnO222H2O2eZn4OH 1.215 Cr(III)(0) CrO22H2O3eCr4OH 1.2 Te(0)(I) Te2eTe2 1.143 P(V)(III) PO432H2O2eHPO323OH 1.05 *Zn(II)(0) Zn(NH3)422eZn4N
20、H3 1.04 *W(VI)(0) WO424H2O6eW8OH 1.01 *Ge(IV)(0) HGeO32H2O4eGe5OH 1.0 Sn(IV)(II) Sn(OH)622eHSnO2H2O3OH 0.93 S(VI)(IV) SO42H2O2eSO322OH 0.93 Se(0)(II) Se2eSe2 0.924 Sn(II)(0) HSnO2H2O2eSn3OH 0.909 P(0)(III) P3H2O3ePH3(g)3OH 0.87 N(V)(IV) 2NO32H2O2eN2O44OH 0.85 H(I)(0) 2H2O2eH22OH 0.8277 Cd(II)(0) Cd(
21、OH)22eCd(Hg)2OH 0.809 Co(II)(0) Co(OH)22eCo2OH 0.73 Ni(II)(0) Ni(OH)22eNi2OH 0.72 As(V)(III) AsO432H2O2eAsO24OH 0.71 Ag(I)(0) Ag2S2e2AgS2 0.691 As(III)(0) AsO22H2O3eAs4OH 0.68 Sb(III)(0) SbO22H2O3eSb4OH 0.66 *Re(VII)(IV) ReO42H2O3eReO24OH 0.59 *Sb(V)(III) SbO3H2O2eSbO22OH 0.59 Re(VII)(0) ReO44H2O7eR
22、e8OH 0.584 *S(IV)(II) 2SO323H2O4eS2O326OH 0.58 Te(IV)(0) TeO323H2O4eTe6OH 0.57 Fe(III)(II) Fe(OH)3eFe(OH)2OH 0.56 S(0)(II) S2eS2 0.47627 Bi(III)(0) Bi2O33H2O6e2Bi6OH 0.46 N(III)(II) NO2H2OeNO2OH 0.46 *Co(II)C(0) Co(NH3)622eCo6NH3 0.422 Se(IV)(0) SeO323H2O4eSe6OH 0.366 Cu(I)(0) Cu2OH2O2e2Cu2OH 0.360
23、Tl(I)(0) Tl(OH)eTlOH 0.34 *Ag(I)(0) Ag(CN)2eAg2CN 0.31 Cu(II)(0) Cu(OH)22eCu2OH 0.222 Cr(VI)(III) CrO424H2O3eCr(OH)35OH 0.13 *Cu(I)(0) Cu(NH3)2eCu2NH3 0.12 O(0)(I) O2H2O2eHO2OH 0.076 Ag(I)(0) AgCNeAgCN 0.017 N(V)(III) NO3H2O2eNO22OH 0.01 Se(VI)(IV) SeO42H2O2eSeO322OH 0.05 Pd(II)(0) Pd(OH)22ePd2OH 0.
24、07 S(II,V)(II) S4O622e2S2O32 0.08 Hg(II)(0) HgOH2O2eHg2OH 0.0977 Co(III)(II) Co(NH3)63eCo(NH3)62 0.108 Pt(II)(0) Pt(OH)22ePt2OH 0.14 Co(III)(II) Co(OH)3eCo(OH)2OH 0.17 Pb(IV)(II) PbO2H2O2ePbO2OH 0.247 I(V)(I) IO33H2O6eI6OH 0.26 Cl(V)(III) ClO3H2O2eClO22OH 0.33 Ag(I)(0) Ag2OH2O2e2Ag2OH 0.342 Fe(III)(
25、II) Fe(CN)63eFe(CN)64 0.358 Cl(VII)(V) ClO4H2O2eClO32OH 0.36 *Ag(I)(0) Ag(NH3)2eAg2NH3 0.373 O(0)(II) O22H2O4e4OH 0.401 I(I)(I) IOH2O2eI2OH 0.485 *Ni(IV)(II) NiO22H2O2eNi(OH)22OH 0.490 Mn(VII)(VI) MnO4eMnO42 0.558 Mn(VII)(IV) MnO42H2O3eMnO24OH 0.595 Mn(VI)(IV) MnO422H2O2eMnO24OH 0.60 Ag(II)(I) 2AgOH
26、2O2eAg2O2OH 0.607 Br(V)(I) BrO33H2O6eBr6OH 0.61 Cl(V)(I) ClO33H2O6eCl6OH 0.62 Cl(III)(I) ClO2H2O2eClO2OH 0.66 I(VII)(V) H3IO622eIO33OH 0.7 Cl(III)(I) ClO22H2O4eCl4OH 0.76 Br(I)(I) BrOH2O2eBr2OH 0.761 Cl(I)(I) ClOH2O2eCl2OH 0.841 *Cl(IV)(III) ClO2(g)eClO2 0.95 O(0)(II) O3H2O2eO22OH 1.24 标准电极电势表 半反应 E
27、° (V) 来源 & -9 Zz 9 N N2(g) + H+ + e HN3(aq) -3.09 6 Li+ + e Li(s) -3.0401 5 N2(g) + 4H2O + 2e 2NH2OH(aq) + 2OH -3.04 6 Cs+ + e Cs(s) -3.026 5 Rb+ + e Rb(s) -2.98 4 K+ + e K(s) -2.931 5 Ba2+ + 2e Ba(s) -2.912 5 La(OH)3(s) + 3e La(s) + 3OH -2.90 5 Sr2+ + 2e Sr(s) -2.899 5 Ca2+ + 2e Ca(s) -2.8
28、68 5 Eu2+ + 2e Eu(s) -2.812 5 Ra2+ + 2e Ra(s) -2.8 5 Na+ + e Na(s) -2.71 59 La3+ + 3e La(s) -2.379 5 Y3+ + 3e Y(s) -2.372 5 Mg2+ + 2e Mg(s) -2.372 5 ZrO(OH)2(s) + H2O + 4e Zr(s) + 4OH -2.36 5 Al(OH)4 + 3e Al(s) + 4OH -2.33 Al(OH)3(s) + 3e Al(s) + 3OH -2.31 H2(g) + 2e 2H -2.25 Ac3+ + 3e Ac(s) -2.20 B
29、e2+ + 2e Be(s) -1.85 U3+ + 3e U(s) -1.66 7 Al3+ + 3e Al(s) -1.66 9 Ti2+ + 2e Ti(s) -1.63 9 ZrO2(s) + 4H+ + 4e Zr(s) + 2H2O -1.553 5 Zr4+ + 4e Zr(s) -1.45 5 TiO(s) + 2H+ + 2e Ti(s) + H2O -1.31 Ti2O3(s) + 2H+ + 2e 2TiO(s) + H2O -1.23 Ti3+ + 3e Ti(s) -1.21 Te(s) + 2e Te2 -1.143 2 V2+ + 2e V(s) -1.13 2
30、Nb3+ + 3e Nb(s) -1.099 Sn(s) + 4H+ + 4e SnH4(g) -1.07 Mn2+ + 2e Mn(s) -1.029 9 SiO2(s) + 4H+ + 4e Si(s) + 2H2O -0.91 B(OH)3(aq) + 3H+ + 3e B(s) + 3H2O -0.89 TiO2+ + 2H+ + 4e Ti(s) + H2O -0.86 Bi(s) + 3H+ + 3e BiH3 -0.8 H2H2O + 2e H2(g) + 2OH -0.8277 5 Zn2+ + 2e Zn(Hg) -0.7628 5 Zn2+ + 2e Zn(s) -0.76
31、18 5 Ta2O5(s) + 10H+ + 10e 2Ta(s) + 5H2O -0.75 Cr3+ + 3e Cr(s) -0.74 AuAu(CN)2 + e Au(s) + 2CN -0.60 Ta3+ + 3e Ta(s) -0.6 PbO(s) + H2O + 2e Pb(s) + 2OH -0.58 Ti2TiO2(s) + 2H+ + 2e Ti2O3(s) + H2O -0.56 Ga3+ + 3e Ga(s) -0.53 U4+ + e U3+ -0.52 7 P H3PO2(aq) + H+ + e P(白磷10) + 2H2O -0.508 5 P H3PO3(aq)
32、+ 2H+ + 2e H3PO2(aq) + H2O -0.499 5 P H3PO3(aq) + 3H+ + 3e P(红磷)10 + 3H2O -0.454 5 Fe2+ + 2e Fe(s) -0.44 9 C2CO2(g) + 2H+ + 2e HOOCCOOH(aq) -0.43 Cr3+ + e Cr2+ -0.42 Cd2+ + 2e Cd(s) -0.40 9 GeO2(s) + 2H+ + 2e GeO(s) + H2O -0.37 Cu2O(s) + H2O + 2e 2Cu(s) + 2OH -0.360 5 PbSO4(s) + 2e Pb(s) + SO42 -0.3
33、588 5 PbSO4(s) + 2e Pb(Hg) + SO42 -0.3505 5 Eu3+ + e Eu2+ -0.35 7 In3+ + 3e In(s) 0.34 2 Tl+ + e Tl(s) -0.34 2 Ge(s) + 4H+ + 4e GeH4(g) -0.29 Co2+ + 2e Co(s) -0.28 5 P H3PO4(aq) + 2H+ + 2e H3PO3(aq) + H2O -0.276 5 V3+ + e V2+ 0.26 9 Ni2+ + 2e Ni(s) -0.25 As(s) + 3H+ + 3e AsH3(g) -0.23 2 MoO2(s) + 4H
34、+ + 4e Mo(s) + 2H2O -0.15 Si(s) + 4H+ + 4e SiH4(g) -0.14 Sn2+ + 2e Sn(s) -0.13 O2(g) + H+ + e HO2(aq) -0.13 Pb2+ + 2e Pb(s) -0.13 9 WO2(s) + 4H+ + 4e W(s) + 2H2O -0.12 P(红磷) + 3H+ + 3e PH3(g) -0.111 5 C CO2(g) + 2H+ + 2e HCOOH(aq) -0.11 Se(s) + 2H+ + 2e H2Se(g) -0.11 C CO2(g) + 2H+ + 2e CO(g) + H2O
35、-0.11 SnO(s) + 2H+ + 2e Sn(s) + H2O -0.10 SnO2(s) + 2H+ + 2e SnO(s) + H2O -0.09 WO3(aq) + 6H+ + 6e W(s) + 3H2O -0.09 2 P(白磷) + 3H+ + 3e PH3(g) -0.063 5 C HCOOH(aq) + 2H+ + 2e HCHO(aq) + H2O -0.03 H 2H+ + 2e H2(g) 0 S4O62 + 2e 2S2O32 +0.08 Fe3O4(s) + 8H+ + 8e 3Fe(s) + 4H2O +0.085 8 N2(g) + 2H2O + 6H+
36、 + 6e 2NH4OH(aq) +0.092 HgO(s) + H2O + 2e Hg(l) + 2OH +0.0977 Cu(NH3)42+ + e Cu(NH3)2+ + 2NH3 +0.10 2 Ru(NH3)63+ + e Ru(NH3)62+ +0.10 7 N2H4(aq) + 4H2O + 2e 2NH4+ + 4OH +0.11 6 Mo H2MoO4(aq) + 6H+ + 6e Mo(s) + 4H2O +0.11 Ge4+ + 4e Ge(s) +0.12 C(s) + 4H+ + 4e CH4(g) +0.13 2 C HCHO(aq) + 2H+ + 2e CH3O
37、H(aq) +0.13 S(s) + 2H+ + 2e H2S(g) +0.14 Sn4+ + 2e Sn2+ +0.15 Cu2+ + e Cu+ +0.159 2 S HSO4 + 3H+ + 2e SO2(aq) + 2H2O +0.16 UO22+ + e UO2+ +0.163 7 S SO42 + 4H+ + 2e SO2(aq) + 2H2O +0.17 TiO2+ + 2H+ + e Ti3+ + H2O +0.19 Bi3+ + 2e Bi+ +0.2 SbO+ + 2H+ + 3e Sb(s) + H2O +0.20 As H3AsO3(aq) + 3H+ + 3e As(
38、s) + 3H2O +0.24 GeO(s) + 2H+ + 2e Ge(s) + H2O +0.26 UO2+ + 4H+ + e U4+ + 2H2O +0.273 7 Re3+ + 3e Re(s) +0.300 Bi3+ + 3e Bi(s) +0.32 VO2+ + 2H+ + e V3+ + H2O +0.34 Cu2+ + 2e Cu(s) +0.340 2 Fe Fe(CN)63 + e Fe(CN)64 +0.36 O2(g) + 2H2O + 4e 4OH(aq) +0.40 9 Mo H2MoO4 + 6H+ + 3e Mo3+ + 2H2O +0.43 Bi+ + e
39、Bi(s) +0.50 C CH3OH(aq) + 2H+ + 2e CH4(g) + H2O +0.50 S SO2(aq) + 4H+ + 4e S(s) + 2H2O +0.50 Cu+ + e Cu(s) +0.520 2 C CO(g) + 2H+ + 2e C(s) + H2O +0.52 I2(s) + 2e 2I +0.54 9 I3 + 2e 3I +0.53 9 Au AuI4 + 3e Au(s) + 4I +0.56 As H3AsO4(aq) + 2H+ + 2e H3AsO3(aq) + H2O +0.56 Au AuI2 + e Au(s) + 2I +0.58
40、MnO4 + 2H2O + 3e MnO2(s) + 4OH +0.59 S2O32 + 6H+ + 4e 2S(s) + 3H2O +0.60 Mo H2MoO4(aq) + 2H+ + 2e MoO2(s) + 2H2O +0.65 O2(g) + 2H+ + 2e H2O2(aq) +0.70 Tl3+ + 3e Tl(s) +0.72 PtCl62 + 2e PtCl42 + 2Cl +0.726 7 Se H2SeO3(aq) + 4H+ + 4e Se(s) + 3H2O +0.74 PtCl42 + 2e Pt(s) + 4Cl +0.758 7 Fe3+ + e Fe2+ +0
41、.77 Ag+ + e Ag(s) +0.7996 5 Hg22+ + 2e 2Hg(l) +0.80 N NO3(aq) + 2H+ + e NO2(g) + H2O +0.80 Au AuBr4 + 3e Au(s) + 4Br +0.85 Hg2+ + 2e Hg(l) +0.85 MnO4 + H+ + e HMnO4 +0.90 Hg 2Hg2+ + 2e Hg22+ +0.91 2 Pd2+ + 2e Pd(s) +0.915 7 Au AuCl4 + 3e Au(s) + 4Cl +0.93 MnO2(s) + 4H+ + e Mn3+ + 2H2O +0.95 Au AuBr2
42、 + e Au(s) + 2Br +0.96 Br2(l) + 2e 2Br +1.07 Br2(aq) + 2e 2Br +1.09 9 I IO3 + 5H+ + 4e HIO(aq) + 2H2O +1.13 Au AuCl2 + e Au(s) + 2Cl +1.15 Se HSeO4 + 3H+ + 2e H2SeO3(aq) + H2O +1.15 Ag2O(s) + 2H+ + 2e 2Ag(s) + H2O +1.17 ClO3 + 2H+ + e ClO2(g) + H2O +1.18 Pt2+ + 2e Pt(s) +1.188 7 ClO2(g) + H+ + e HCl
43、O2(aq) +1.19 I 2IO3 + 12H+ + 10e I2(s) + 6H2O +1.20 ClO4 + 2H+ + 2e ClO3 + H2O +1.20 O2(g) + 4H+ + 4e 2H2O +1.23 9 MnO2(s) + 4H+ + 2e Mn2+ + 2H2O +1.23 Tl3+ + 2e Tl+ +1.25 Cl2(g) + 2e 2Cl +1.36 9 Cr2O7 + 14H+ + 6e 2Cr3+ + 7H2O +1.33 CoO2(s) + 4H+ + e Co3+ + 2H2O +1.42 N 2NH3OH+ + H+ + 2e N2H5+ + 2H2
44、O +1.42 6 I 2HIO(aq) + 2H+ + 2e I2(s) + 2H2O +1.44 Ce4+ + e Ce3+ +1.44 BrO3 + 5H+ + 4e HBrO(aq) + 2H2O +1.45 PbO -PbO2(s) + 4H+ + 2e Pb2+ + 2H2O +1.460 2 PbO -PbO2(s) + 4H+ + 2e Pb2+ + 2H2O +1.468 2 Br 2BrO3 + 12H+ + 10e Br2(l) + 6H2O +1.48 Cl 2ClO3 + 12H+ + 10e Cl2(g) + 6H2O +1.49 MnO4 + 8H+ + 5e M
45、n2+ + 4H2O +1.51 O HO2 + H+ + e H2O2(aq) +1.51 Au3+ + 3e Au(s) +1.52 NiO2(s) + 4H+ + 2e Ni2+ + 2OH +1.59 Cl 2HClO(aq) + 2H+ + 2e Cl2(g) + 2H2O +1.63 Ag2O3(s) + 6H+ + 4e 2Ag+ + 3H2O +1.67 Cl HClO2(aq) + 2H+ + 2e HClO(aq) + H2O +1.67 Pb4+ + 2e Pb2+ +1.69 2 MnO4 + 4H+ + 3e MnO2(s) + 2H2O +1.70 O H2O2(a
46、q) + 2H+ + 2e 2H2O +1.78 AgO(s) + 2H+ + e Ag+ + H2O +1.77 Co3+ + e Co2+ +1.82 Au+ + e Au(s) +1.83 2 BrO4 + 2H+ + 2e BrO3 + H2O +1.85 Ag2+ + e Ag+ +1.98 2 S2O82 + 2e 2SO42 +2.07 O3(g) + 2H+ + 2e O2(g) + H2O +2.075 7 Mn HMnO4 + 3H+ + 2e MnO2(s) + 2H2O +2.09 F2(g) + 2e 2F +2.87 29 F2(g) + 2H+ + 2e 2HF(aq) +3.05 2电极电势一,电极电势(electrode potential)的产生 双电层理论 德国化学家能斯特 (H. Nernst) W. 提出了双电层理论 (electron double layer theory)解释电极电势的产生的原因.当金属放
